Unit 16- Film and Video Editing Technique

Assignment 2 - Editing Theory

Video editing is the process of editing segments of motion video production footage, special effects and sound recordings in the post-production process. Motion picture film editing is a predecessor to video editing and, in several ways, video editing simulates motion picture film editing, in theory and the use of linear video editing and video editing software on non-linear editing systems . Using video, a director can communicate non-fictional and fictional events. The goals of editing is to manipulate these events to bring the communication closer to the original goal or target. It is a visual art.

Early 1950's video tape recorders  were so expensive, and the quality degradation caused by copying was so great.

Improvements in quality and economy, and the invention of the flying erase-head, allowed new video and audio material to be recorded over the material already recorded on an existing magnetic tape and was introduced into the linear editing technique. If a scene closer to the beginning of the video tape needed to be changed in length, all later scenes would need to be recorded onto the video tape again in sequence. In addition, sources could be played back simultaneously through a vision mixer (video switcher) to create more complex transitions between scenes. A popular 1970-80s system for doing that was the U-matic equipment (named for the U-shaped tape path). That system used two tape players and one tape recorder, and edits were done by automatically having the machines back up, then speed up together in synchrony, so the edit didn't roll or glitch. Later, 1980-90's came the smaller beta equipment (named for the B-shaped tape path), and more complex controllers, some of which did the synchronizing electronically.

Purposes

v  Storytelling, e.g. engaging the viewer

v  Development of drama

v  Relationship to genre

v  Creating motivation

v  Combing shots into sequences

v  Creating pace

The purpose of editing can be seen as being very significant; the editing itself is effective as it sets a meaning for the film. The editing can also help the film with the narrative; by this it helps the audience receive information about the plot and the story throughout the film. Using edit’s, it can define the information the audience will receive about the film. I can be used to build up emotion for or about a character in which people can like or hate.

The editing of a film is classed as a form of art and in this case it would be the ‘invisible’ art. Being able to edit a film perfectly to professional standards helps the film itself so much as it enables viewers watching to engage with the film. The editing of a film can be  used in a diverse way. It can be used to create a sensually provocative montage. It can bring out the emotional truth in an actor's performance within filming; it can also create a point of view on otherwise obtuse events. It can also be used to guide the telling and pace of a story. The editing can create an illusion of danger where there is none and keep the viewer on the edge of their seat making the film more exciting, give emphasis to things that would not have otherwise been noted; and even create a vital subconscious emotional connection to the viewer, among many other possibilities.

A convention that must be followed is the 180 degree rule, it is very important that you follow this because the viewer can become confused as where the shot is being filmed and is irritating to watch, the rule is that you use a 180 degree line as placement for the camera and you cannot move past the 180 degrees because this causes confusion for the viewer and you will be able to see the other cameras in shot.

Cross-cutting is an editing technique most often used in films to establish action occurring at the same time in two different locations. In a cross-cut, the camera will cut away from one action to another action, which can suggest the simultaneity of these two actions but this is not always the case. It is useful because you can see parts of the story for example a argument or a gun fight.


Multiple points of view are where they are lots of different shots, angles and movements to capture a scene. These include ‘Over the shoulder’ and ‘Point of view’It is used to add more diversity to a scene and capture more than you would with 1 camera.


A transition is the cut effect between scenes to create a smooth change and make it look more professional. There are many popular ones such as Wipe, Dissolve, Fade, Flip. This is a important effect because it makes every cut scene smooth and stops the cut from just being a black screen.



Laws and Ethics

What does the Privacy Act do?

It regulates the way agencies can collect, store and use information, and gives us rights of access to it. It also creates a complaints regime. Broadly speaking, agencies that come under the Act usually have to tell you when they’re collecting information about you, keep it secure, try to make sure it’s right, and only use or disclose it for the reasons it was collected.

Copyright

A basic understanding of copyright principles is essential for any blogger, researcher, reporter, photographer, or anyone who publishes their creative works. It’s important for two reasons. First, you should understand how you can properly make use of someone else’s work – quoting from it, reprinting it, summarizing it, even satirizing it. And second, you should understand how you can protect your own legal rights in what you create, so that others don’t take unfair (even unlawful) advantage of it.

Finished Animation

I used I Stop Motion to make my animation and used I Movie To Edit my Animation so I set it up in I motion is I got my animation from my files and put it on the app and then imported my sound on it aswell and then I put it all together and saved it and then I opened the I Movie app and imported the full file and then edited it on that app however after that I checked it to see if it was right and colourful and then I uploaded it on youtube.


https://www.surveymonkey.co.uk/r/PHQLS75

This is the link to the survey of what you thought about my Animation.

Poster Design

We have been asked to Design a Poster for Local Motion to be used for later this year.
Its going to be seen on Buses and Trains on Train A3-A4 Paper

The Text to Use for the Poster would be two main Paragraphs that Explains what Local Motion is Really About.



This Lesson I was finding it difficult to find images to go on my poster but halfway through the end of the lesson and I found two which I will be putting together hopefully.

I made my Logo In In Design I took an image of a train from google and then saved it and made my poster on In Design and then added text to it which I got from the Blog that we all made about local motion and took a bit of text from that and edited it some of it and out it on my poster and then edited the local motion logo to make it look real and then saved it and finished it which now looks like the image above.



Local Motion is a company that is is trying to promote the use of public transport such as trains and buses, and also healthy kinds of transport such as walking or cycling, as opposed to the constant use and reliance on cars. More walking and cycling, will also improve general health and fitness, as well as being better for the environment!
which would happen by completing the main goal that they have set.


They have many viable reasons for doing this, such as;

To help protect and care for the environment. It would help to reduce the release of Carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, lower the amount of congestion, and make the streets a lot safer for pedestrians that don't drive whatsoever. It is also, to help keep ourselves healthy. It would lower the levels of obesity, which would save the country millions of pounds, and it would to develop a healthier community.

Saving money is a very vital goal they have. The cost of owning a car, keeping it running, and paying for repairs is very high. By relying more on public transport, it would mean a great deal of money would be saved. Along with walking and cycling, it would not only save you money for the future, but also help to better for your health and fitness levels.

For many people, the ideas behind Local Motions  would help them to find work, and secure themselves a better future: There are many jobs that people can't apply for, being too far away from where they live, and not being able to afford a car to travel there and back everyday. But, with an increased use of public transport and knowing and improving certain travel routes, it would allow people to take these job opportunities that they wouldn't normally go for.

Local Motion, listens to everyones different problems and stories, and helps to come up with solutions and use the stories to inspire other people.

For further information, please contact

Georgina Burke

(Marketing & Communications Officer)

01325 406332

I used bits of the information above in red for my poster because it gave the full summary for the task i was assigned to do. 

I edited my chosen text on the computer app Microsoft word by simply starting of typing in the words Local Motion with no added type face or size change before I began testing different styles and  sizes. 

Secondly I clicked on the text changer button near the top left corner of the computer screen and once I clicked on the button many different styles of type face were revealed for me to freely use for my text for my Local Motion poster. Once I began experimenting with my three chosen different type faces and adding the information I believed would be appealing to readers and accurate to use for my poster from the official Local motion website and got to work experimenting.

To edit the size of my chosen text I clicked on the button next to the type face changing button in the left corner of my screen and many different numbers appeared for me to change the size of my chosen text and I could experiment changing the size of my text and seeing which different sizes looked better and would go better on my poster.

Original text I am going to use

Local Motion is a company that is is trying to promote the use of public transport such as trains and buses, and also healthy kinds of transport such as walking or cycling, as opposed to the constant use and reliance on cars. More walking and cycling, will also improve general health and fitness, as well as being better for the environment!

Local Motion is a company that is is trying to promote the use of public transport such as trains and buses, and also healthy kinds of transport such as walking or cycling, as opposed to the constant use and reliance on cars. More walking and cycling, will also improve general health and fitness, as well as being better for the environment!

Serif Font is A small decorative line added to the basic form of a character. Typefaces are often described as being serif or sans serif (without serifs).

Sans is Popular sans serif fonts include Helvetica, Avant Garde, Arial, and Geneva. Serif fonts include Times Roman, Courier, New Century Schoolbook, and Palatino. According to most studies, sans serif fonts are more difficult to read.

Roman is a font which is upright, an oldstyle serif font or typeface (sometimes capitalized "Roman") a font supporting (often exclusively) Western European languages (often capitalized Roman)

Gothnic is A Gothic typeface is not at all anything like medieval lettering. It actually comes from grotesk, or grotesque which began around 1900. It's basically a synonym for sans-serif and it a movement that originated in the Scandinavian area and widely applied by the bauhaus.

Unit 8: Understanding the Television and Film Industry

Chapter 2 

‘Knowing who’s who in the television and film industries’

Fixed Term Contract

Fixed Term contracts are given by employers on the basis that the contract will terminate at a future date when a specific term Expires so basically covering for an employee who is on sick or maternity leave.

Freelance

A Freelancer or freelance worker is a person who pursues a profession without a long term commitment to any one employer. An example of this would be its your business you work for yourself you can work whenever you want it is totally up to you.

Hourly Rates 

Hourly wage describes a rate an employer agrees to pay a worker per hour. The average or mean basically is an estimated hourly Rate calculated using the varying hourly rates of a group of workers in a specific occupation.

Irregular Patterns 

Grammar, not conforming to the prevalent pattern or patterns of formation,inflection , construction, etc. so Basically you dont have certain time to work different times every day.

Management is one of the most important roles in TV and Film, as whoever is managing the production is in charge of certain aspects. Job roles such as an Accounting are in charge of managing the budget of the 

production, managing salaries and what the money is spent on. 

Creative job roles are the people who think of the ideas of the production of the movie. Creative workers will be mainly used in the pre-production of the stage of the TV Show/Film. Job roles such as Script Writing.
Editorial job roles are usually people who work on the post production of a movie/TV Show. Editorial job roles include: Video editor, sound editor and a title designer.  Technical job roles are usually for people working in the production of the movie/TV Show. Job roles include: Lighting operator, Camera men and a production sound manager. 

Job Roles

Flowchart

Development- Script Writer, Location Scouts 

Pre-Production- Script Writer, doing the posters, Graphic Design 

Job Roles in the Television and Film Industries

Task 2 

Script Editor Job-Reporting to the Script Producer you'll work as part of a team overseeing episodes from idea stage to delivery to the production crew and through to shoot. Generating creative ideas as well as long term story ideas, you'll work with the production teams representing the writers' interests, ensuring their consent to script changes as well as ensuring the scripts are editorially correct, carrying out the necessary checks. In addition you'll attend the monthly Commissioning meetings offering and suggesting critical and creative suggestions about your week's episodes. You'll be responsible for providing writers with the editorial brief needed and ensure they have access to any technical expert or consultant as required. You'll be restructuring and generating new story lines within your script as well as turning around creative drafts in short spaces of time.

People working on EastEnders are a talented, experienced and creative bunch. To join them and make this programme the most talked about on the channel, it's really important you have the necessary skills we're looking for. You should demonstrate prior experience of script editing ideally on TV drama series, have significant experience in generating creative ideas and treatments and experience of working with new and experienced writers under pressure and to tight deadlines. You should also have strong communication, negotiation, influencing and persuading skills and the ability to work within a team and on your own initiative. It is important that you have an understanding of the copyright law, Writers Guild agreements, contracts and the legal implications for production processes. you will need to take a creative writingg degree because it will be classed as a qualification when you go for the job role.

Its fixed term contract/ Full time 

Series Producer Job-As Series Producer, you will lead the team producing specific output, ensuring we maintain our high editorial standards whilst being creative in our production. We're looking for an experienced Series Producer who is highly organised, has strong editorial judgment and writing skills, and can cope well under pressure. You will also need good leadership skills to encourage and motivate your team.

With substantial experience as a Series Producer and preferably a background in news and/or current affairs journalism, broadcasting, print or online, you will have a track record of managing a production from ideas generation through to delivery. Evidence of sound editorial judgement and the ability to lead a team are essential, as are good writing skills, previous management experience, and demonstrable experience of organising and keeping on top of changing schedules in a fast-moving environment with often contentious material.

** Please note **

Your application should be accompanied by a 250 word treatment for a film on The One Show.  This can either be an original story or a fresh angle from the current news agenda.  Please outline what this film would investigate, reveal, interrogate or expose - and give details of what would happen in the film and what the viewer would see.